About 45% of US adults
take in less vitamin A than the estimated average requirement.
Peer-reviewed analysisBlack Elderberry Fruit Extract is the lead active here, studied most for immune resilience. Zinc is the most studied active here, with 22 human studies behind it, each one cited. Who it fits: for everyone, adults.
Verified by IngredientMDThe panel on the left is the one we evaluated, line by line.
All 6 actives checked against the clinical evidence: dose, form, and what the research actually shows.
Doses, ratios, and how the ingredients work together. That assessment is the verdict above: "Stronger in a pair".
The verdict is public and identical whether or not a brand pays. A formula that does not clear the bar gets nothing.
Read by the engine against 2.1 million data points from clinical trials, PubMed and more than a hundred vetted sources. No individual reviewer is named or implied.
Cross-checked against 1,737 documented interactions for these actives.
Public health figures the engine matched to this formula's ingredients. Reported by their source, cited and dated, never written by the brand.
About 45% of US adults
take in less vitamin A than the estimated average requirement.
Peer-reviewed analysisAbout 46% of US adults
take in less vitamin C than the estimated average requirement.
Peer-reviewed analysisAbout 41% of US adults
have blood vitamin D below the level considered sufficient.
Peer-reviewed analysisAbout 84% of US adults
take in less vitamin E than the estimated average requirement.
Peer-reviewed analysisAbout 15% of US adults
take in less zinc than the estimated average requirement.
Peer-reviewed analysis15% of US adults
had a usual zinc intake below the Estimated Average Requirement, up from 11% in an earlier survey period, across NHANES data from 2005 to 2016.
Peer-reviewed NHANES analysis, 202057.6%
During 2017 to 2018, 57.6% of US adults aged 20 and over reported using a dietary supplement in the past 30 days.
CDC National Center for Health Statistics30% of US supplement users
name immune health as a reason they take a supplement, second only to general health and wellness, in the Council for Responsible Nutrition's 2024 Consumer Survey.
Council for Responsible Nutrition, 202460.2% of US adults age 20 and over
took a dietary supplement of any kind in the past 30 days, with use higher among women at 66.1% than men at 53.9%, in NHANES data covering August 2021 to August 2023.
CDC National Center for Health Statistics, 202446% of US adults
had a usual vitamin C intake below the Estimated Average Requirement from food alone, falling to 33% once supplement intake is counted, across NHANES data from 2005 to 2016.
Peer-reviewed NHANES analysis, 202043.5% of employed US women
and 37.0% of employed US men aged 18 and over missed at least one day of work in the past 12 months because of illness or injury, in the 2017 National Health Interview Survey.
CDC National Center for Health Statistics, 201948% of US adults
admit they forget or choose not to wash their hands at key moments, and one in five say they actively choose not to, in the 2025 State of Handwashing Report.
National Foundation for Infectious Diseases, 202530.5% of US adults
slept less than 7 hours on average in a 24 hour period in 2024, short of the amount the American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends, in the National Health Interview Survey.
CDC National Center for Health Statistics, 202559 to 66 days
was the median time it took adults to make a new daily health habit automatic across the studies a 2024 review pooled, with individuals ranging from 4 to 335 days.
Systematic review and meta-analysis, 202461% to 74%
About 61 to 74 percent of adults refilling a long-term medicine on their own stopped within a year, versus 33 to 44 percent on one set pickup day.
Cohort study, 2015Randomised trial, 2025
Vitamin D3 supplementation changed the inflammatory protein CHI3L1 and oxidative stress markers in adults with a chronic demyelinating condition. These are markers, not clinical outcomes.
Neuropsychopharmacology ReportsMeta-analysis, 2024
Across 10 trials in 318 athletes, vitamin D3 raised blood vitamin D by about 14.8 nmol/L and hinted at better muscle strength, though few trials leave that uncertain.
Frontiers in NutritionMeta-analysis, 2022
Across 8 trials in 1,002 women, vitamin E taken by mouth reduced reported menstrual cramp pain compared with placebo, with the clearest effect in the first month.
Clinical Nutrition ESPENMeta-analysis, 2014
Pooling 30 trials of 5,615 adults, vitamin D gave a small rise in overall muscle strength, with no measurable effect on muscle mass or power.
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and MetabolismRandomised trial, 2023
In 160 postmenopausal women with long-standing sleep difficulty, one month of vitamin E brought the median sleep questionnaire score to 6, versus 9 on placebo, where lower means better sleep.
NutrientsMeta-analysis, 2015
Across 12 trials, vitamin E lowered a blood marker of inflammation by about 0.62 mg/l compared with not taking it.
European Journal of Clinical NutritionMeta-analysis, 2024
Across 20 studies, daily vitamin D3 raised blood vitamin D levels by about 10.4 nmol/L more than the same dose of vitamin D2, roughly 40 percent more.
Advances in NutritionMeta-analysis, 2012
In trials directly comparing the two forms, vitamin D3 raised blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D more than vitamin D2 did (P = 0.001).
American Journal of Clinical NutritionMeta-analysis, 2025
Across 21 trials, vitamin E lowered oxidized LDL and lengthened the time before LDL starts to oxidize, by about 20.45 units, both lab markers of oxidation.
European Journal of PharmacologyMeta-analysis, 2023
Across 12 trials in 794 adults with high liver fat, at least 400 IU of vitamin E daily lowered two liver enzyme markers by 7 to 10 and 5 units.
NutrientsMeta-analysis, 2014
Across 23 trials of 4,082 adults, vitamin D raised bone mineral density at the femoral neck by about 0.8%, with no measurable change at the spine, hip, or other sites.
LancetMeta-analysis, 2026
Pooling the available trials, adjuvant vitamin E alongside varicocele surgery was associated with better post-operative semen parameters, which are laboratory markers of sperm quality and not fertility outcomes.
Archivio Italiano di Urologia e AndrologiaPopulation figures from public health data. Context for the category, not a statement about any individual and not a claim about this product.
Each line below was derived from this formula's own record at the time of verification. Nothing here was written by the brand, and nothing can be added that the evidence does not carry.
Time-to-effect windows the engine read from the trial record. Each is a window a named study measured, cited and dated, never written by the brand.
In a randomised crossover trial, 12 healthy adults consumed 101.7 mg of vitamin C as a powder, as raw fruits and vegetables, or as juice, and plasma vitamin C rose after every intake form, with plasma and urinary levels tracked over the 24 hours following the single dose.
In the trial record, blood vitamin D rises for about 3 months of daily vitamin D3 and then holds at a plateau, near 69 nmol/L at 1,000 IU a day, from a starting level near 41 nmol/L.
In a 3-phase crossover using two deuterium-labelled forms of alpha-tocopherol, healthy women absorbed about 55 percent of an oral dose taken with a 40 percent fat meal and about 64 percent with a fat-free meal, with samples tracked over 72 hours. The authors conclude absorption is not limited by absent fat or fasting, and that vitamin E leaves the intestine by a prolonged process.
Across three randomised placebo-controlled trials pooled as individual patient data (199 adults with naturally acquired colds, 80 to 92 mg of elemental zinc a day as acetate lozenges), 70 percent of the zinc group had recovered by day 5 against 27 percent on placebo, and colds ran 2.73 days shorter against a 7 day average duration. A separate meta-analysis of seven lozenge trials (575 participants, doses above 75 mg a day, zinc acetate or zinc gluconate) measured cold duration 33 percent shorter, with no significant difference between the two salts.
In a controlled feeding study in nine healthy men, six weeks of restricted zinc intake raised DNA strand breaks in peripheral blood cells, and four weeks of repletion at 11 mg a day, with 20 mg of supplemental zinc for the first seven days, reversed the rise. In a separate randomised placebo-controlled trial in 40 Ethiopian women eating a high-phytate diet, 20 mg a day of zinc sulfate for 17 days lowered mean comet tail moment from 39.7 to 30.0 while plasma zinc did not change significantly. Both windows were measured on a DNA damage marker in blood cells, not on a symptom.
In a kinetic study, 6 healthy volunteers took a single 30 ml oral dose of elderberry extract providing 147.3 mg of anthocyanins. The anthocyanins appeared in plasma and were excreted in urine within 7 hours, with a plasma half-life of about 1.74 hours.
In a randomised crossover trial, adults with overweight consumed anthocyanin-rich elderberry juice twice daily for 1 week. After that week, gut microbiota composition had shifted, post-meal blood glucose was lower and fat oxidation was higher than after placebo.
Windows measured in the cited trials. Context for how the active behaves over time, not a statement about any individual and not a claim about this product.
Six ingredients, from each one's own page.
Weeks to months. Liver stores buffer intake, so vitamin A status moves slowly and shows up on a blood panel rather than as a sensation.
Blood levels rise within hours and tissue pools fill over days. Collagen-linked changes in skin and gums build over weeks and show as tissue quality, not as a sensation.
25-hydroxyvitamin D climbs over roughly six to twelve weeks of daily dosing before it plateaus. It's a blood level you watch rather than a feeling.
Plasma alpha-tocopherol climbs within days of daily intake, and anything you'd notice in skin condition is a slow change across a couple of months.
Blood zinc moves within days. The parts you would notice, skin behaviour and immune resilience, take four to twelve weeks of steady daily intake.
It moves on a scale of days, not minutes. Studies that started daily use at the first sign of a sniffle followed the difference over the next two to four days.
How each ingredient usually behaves over time, from its own page on IngredientMD. General timing for the ingredient, not a measurement of this product.
What each form is, and where it fits in a formula. Measured findings carry the study that reported them.
The animal-sourced form of vitamin D, made in skin under UVB light and produced commercially from lanolin. Fat-soluble, so it travels with dietary fat and is stored in body fat.
In a 12-week double-blind randomised controlled trial in 108 young women in urban Bangalore, most of whom began vitamin D-deficient, daily vitamin D3 at 400, 600 or 800 IU in a fortified wafer raised serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, parathyroid hormone fell over time, and effects on bone-turnover markers were modest and not dose specific. The 800 IU dose brought 65 percent of participants to sufficiency.
Descriptions of the form itself, read from the cited studies. Not a comparison between products and not a statement about any individual.
It is a gummy, which is the format people actually keep taking, and adherence decides whether anything else matters.
Put an earned verification on your own product page.
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. This record is not medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any supplement regimen.