About 46% of US adults
take in less vitamin C than the estimated average requirement.
Peer-reviewed analysisIron is the lead active here, studied most for oxygen delivery to working muscle. 17 human studies on Iron back this formula, each one cited. Each serving carries 680 mcg of Folate, inside the range the published research used. Who it fits: skews toward women, adults.
Verified by IngredientMDThe panel on the left is the one we evaluated, line by line.
All 5 actives checked against the clinical evidence: dose, form, and what the research actually shows.
Doses, ratios, and how the ingredients work together. That assessment is the verdict above: "Strong evidence, strong dose".
The verdict is public and identical whether or not a brand pays. A formula that does not clear the bar gets nothing.
Read by the engine against 2.1 million data points from clinical trials, PubMed and more than a hundred vetted sources. No individual reviewer is named or implied.
Cross-checked against 1,652 documented interactions for these actives.
Public health figures the engine matched to this formula's ingredients. Reported by their source, cited and dated, never written by the brand.
About 46% of US adults
take in less vitamin C than the estimated average requirement.
Peer-reviewed analysis24.2% of US adults
aged 18 and over met both the aerobic and muscle strengthening activity guidelines in 2020, in the National Health Interview Survey.
CDC National Center for Health Statistics, 202231% of US adults
said they were taking protein supplements such as powders, drinks, or bars, in a Pew Research Center survey fielded in July 2026.
Pew Research Center, 202621.1% of the US population
aged 15 and over took part in sports, exercise, or recreation on an average day in 2023, in the American Time Use Survey.
US Bureau of Labor Statistics, 202457.6%
During 2017 to 2018, 57.6% of US adults aged 20 and over reported using a dietary supplement in the past 30 days.
CDC National Center for Health StatisticsAbout 10% of US women of reproductive age
are iron deficient.
Peer-reviewed analysis41.3% of US men aged 18 to 34
met both the aerobic and muscle strengthening activity guidelines in 2020, the highest rate of any age and sex group, in the National Health Interview Survey.
CDC National Center for Health Statistics, 202237% of US adults aged 18 to 29
said they were taking protein supplements such as powders, drinks, or bars, roughly double the rate among adults aged 65 and over, in a Pew Research Center survey fielded in July 2026.
Pew Research Center, 202659 to 66 days
was the median time it took adults to make a new daily health habit automatic across the studies a 2024 review pooled, with individuals ranging from 4 to 335 days.
Systematic review and meta-analysis, 202461% to 74%
About 61 to 74 percent of adults refilling a long-term medicine on their own stopped within a year, versus 33 to 44 percent on one set pickup day.
Cohort study, 2015USDA advises fortified foods or supplements after 50
In its national intake tables USDA notes that "it is advised that individuals over 50 meet their B12 requirement with fortified foods or supplements".
NHANESMeta-analysis, 2021
Across 34 trials, dietary nitrate produced a small gain in muscular endurance and a very small gain in strength, with larger endurance gains for isometric and isotonic than isokinetic contractions.
Critical Reviews in Food Science and NutritionSystematic review, 2025
A systematic review of beetroot juice in older adults reported improvements in physical performance measures and some cognitive tests, with effects described as small and variable between trials.
NutrientsSystematic review and meta-analysis, 2018
In iron-deficient adults with normal hemoglobin, iron supplements lowered self-reported fatigue, with no measurable change in how much oxygen the body could use during intense exercise.
BMJ OpenRandomised trial, 2007
In 818 adults aged 50 to 70 with raised homocysteine, 3 years of daily folic acid at 800 micrograms improved memory and information-processing speed scores compared with placebo.
The LancetSystematic review and meta-analysis, 2025
In iron-deficient children, adolescents and menstruating adults with normal hemoglobin, iron supplementation improved short-term memory in randomized trials.
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral ReviewsSystematic review and meta-analysis, 2021
Across 22 trials in 41,633 people, folic acid supplements lowered the top blood pressure number by about 1.1 points and the bottom by about 0.2 points.
Critical Reviews in Food Science and NutritionSystematic review and meta-analysis, 2023
Across 21 trials in 2,025 adults, folic acid improved flow-mediated dilation, a measure of how well arteries widen, by about 2.6 percentage points.
Nutrition JournalSystematic review and meta-analysis, 2014
In women of reproductive age, daily iron raised how much oxygen the body could use during hard exercise and lowered heart rate during moderate exercise by about 4 beats a minute.
The Journal of NutritionMeta-analysis, 2022
Across 123 trials in 1,705 healthy adults, dietary nitrate produced a small improvement in exercise performance, with the clearest gains in efforts lasting 2 to 10 minutes from beetroot juice or a high-nitrate diet.
Advances in NutritionMeta-analysis, 2025
A review of supplement combinations for endurance found beetroot-based nitrate among the ingredients linked to measurable, though small, gains in endurance performance.
Journal of the International Society of Sports NutritionMeta-analysis, 2025
Alternate-day oral iron raised haemoglobin to a broadly similar degree as daily dosing in the pooled trials, with fewer digestive complaints reported.
Meta-analysisMeta-analysis, 2017
Beetroot juice lowered resting blood pressure by about 3.6 over 1.3 mmHg across 22 trials, with bigger drops at higher doses and longer use.
Advances in NutritionAbout 23 percent lower plasma homocysteine at 0.8 mg daily, with 0.2 mg and 0.4 mg reaching roughly 60 and 90 percent of that
Lowers homocysteine, a blood marker tied to heart risk. Measured in adults, standardised to a pretreatment homocysteine of 12 micromol per litre (95% CI 21 to 26 percent).
Meta-analysisMeta-analysis, 2000
Across 12 randomized trials in 1,114 people, daily folic acid of 0.5 to 5 mg lowered blood homocysteine concentrations by about 25 percent.
Indian Heart JournalMeta-analysis, 2026
Pooling 26 studies, about 26.9 percent of adolescent girls worldwide had low folate status, rising to 35.5 percent in Africa, with wide variation between settings.
PLoS OneMeta-analysis, 2024
Daily oral iron in pregnancy raised haemoglobin and iron stores and lowered the chance of low haemoglobin at term.
Meta-analysisSystematic review and meta-analysis, 2016
Across 67 randomized trials in menstruating women, daily iron raised hemoglobin by about 5.3 g/L and lowered the risk of iron deficiency compared with control.
Cochrane Database of Systematic ReviewsPopulation figures from public health data. Context for the category, not a statement about any individual and not a claim about this product.
Each line below was derived from this formula's own record at the time of verification. Nothing here was written by the brand, and nothing can be added that the evidence does not carry.
One pairing in this formula has been studied as a combination in human trials. Each finding below is what a named study measured, cited and dated, never written by the brand.
In a controlled radioiron study in 63 men, adding ascorbic acid to a non-heme iron meal increased iron absorption in proportion to the dose, from about 1.6 times the meal alone at 25 mg to about 9 times at 1000 mg.
Research strength. Research strength says how much work stands behind the combination. It is never a product score.
Fail closed. Where actives were studied on their own rather than together, each shows on its own evidence, never a combined effect no trial measured.
Independent record. Every finding is cited to a named trial, dated, and never written by the brand.
Findings from trials that studied these actives as a combination. Context for how the actives were tested together, not a statement about any individual and not a claim about this product.
Time-to-effect windows the engine read from the trial record. Each is a window a named study measured, cited and dated, never written by the brand.
In a randomised crossover trial, 12 healthy adults consumed 101.7 mg of vitamin C as a powder, as raw fruits and vegetables, or as juice, and plasma vitamin C rose after every intake form, with plasma and urinary levels tracked over the 24 hours following the single dose.
A systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis drew on 108 articles from 14,002 screened records and modelled blood folate against folic acid intake using one-compartment pharmacokinetic models. Red blood cell folate rose 1.78 fold from baseline to steady state at 375 to 570 ug folic acid per day, and reaching that steady state took a median of 36 weeks, 95% credible interval 27 to 52 weeks. Serum or plasma folate rose 11.6% for every 100 ug per day of folic acid intake, 95% credible interval 8.4 to 14.9.
A kinetic study in six healthy men aged 22 to 31 gave 3.6 umol per day, 1.6 mg, of deuterium-labelled folic acid for four weeks, with folate tracked in serum, erythrocytes and urine by microbiological assay and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Serum folate reached its maximum concentration in about 18 days, while isotopic labelling of erythrocyte folate kept rising across the whole four weeks. After supplementation stopped, red blood cell folate and urinary folate excretion declined linearly, and serum folate fell with a slow-phase half-life of 18.7 days. One study, six men, no control group.
A randomised, double-blind, parallel-group dose-finding trial in 120 older people with mild vitamin B12 deficiency, defined as serum B12 of 100 to 300 pmol/L with methylmalonic acid at or above 0.26 umol/L, gave daily oral cyanocobalamin at 2.5, 100, 250, 500 or 1000 ug for 16 weeks. Mean plasma methylmalonic acid fell 16%, 16%, 23%, 33% and 33% across those doses. Daily doses of 647 to 1032 ug accounted for 80% to 90% of the estimated maximum reduction. The window was measured on a blood marker of B12 status, not on a symptom.
An open-label randomised single-dose pharmacokinetic study in 20 healthy men aged 20 to 45, conducted and authored by staff of Emisphere Technologies, the developer of the SNAC carrier under test, measured serum vitamin B12 after one 5 mg cyanocobalamin tablet, with six men on the marketed tablet. Time to peak serum B12 was 6.83 hours for the marketed tablet and 0.5 hours for the carrier coformulation. Absolute bioavailability was 2.16% and 5.09% respectively. One trial, six men per arm. Serum concentration was measured, not any symptom.
A randomised crossover study in 54 nonanemic young women with plasma ferritin at or below 20 ug/L gave labelled iron sulfate as single fasting morning doses of 40, 60, 80, 160 and 240 mg. Twenty four hours after doses of 60 mg or more, serum hepcidin was raised and fractional iron absorption from the following dose was 35% to 45% lower. Across the dose range a sixfold rise in dose, 40 to 240 mg, produced a threefold rise in iron absorbed, 6.7 to 18.1 mg. Total iron absorbed from three doses inside 24 hours was not significantly greater than from two morning doses. The measure was iron absorption and serum hepcidin, not a symptom.
Windows measured in the cited trials. Context for how the active behaves over time, not a statement about any individual and not a claim about this product.
Five ingredients, from each one's own page.
Blood levels rise within hours and tissue pools fill over days. Collagen-linked changes in skin and gums build over weeks and show as tissue quality, not as a sensation.
Red cell folate climbs over roughly four to eight weeks. It's a blood panel change rather than a sensation.
Markers move first. Methylmalonic acid and homocysteine start shifting within a week or two, while anything you would notice takes several weeks of daily use.
Before everyday stamina shifts. Ferritin, the storage marker, climbs over months of steady daily intake rather than days.
The circulation and exercise effect lands about two to three hours after a dose. Readings on a blood pressure cuff shift over one to two weeks of daily use.
How each ingredient usually behaves over time, from its own page on IngredientMD. General timing for the ingredient, not a measurement of this product.
It is a tablet, so the amount per serving is fixed and it stores well.
Where two of this brand's products carry actives the literature has read together, the pairing and its basis are below. The evidence word is the corpus row's own confidence, never a score.
Choline, by way of betaine, and folate run two separate routes that both remethylate homocysteine into methionine, so each can carry more of the load when the other runs low. Having both available keeps the body's methyl-group supply steady.
Parallel methyl-donor routes. No combination trial has tested this exact pairing.
Because the effect builds and holds only with continued daily use, a steady recurring supply is the practical way to keep it going.
Put an earned verification on your own product page.
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. This record is not medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any supplement regimen.